{"id":86965,"date":"2026-09-20T13:55:18","date_gmt":"2026-09-20T07:55:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bdtelegraph24.com\/bangla\/?p=86965"},"modified":"2026-09-20T13:55:20","modified_gmt":"2026-09-20T07:55:20","slug":"%e0%a6%ae%e0%a7%82%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b0-%e0%a6%af%e0%a7%81%e0%a6%a6%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a7-%e0%a6%ae%e0%a6%b0%e0%a7%81%e0%a6%ad%e0%a7%82%e0%a6%ae%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%b0-%e0%a6%aa%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bdtelegraph24.com\/bangla\/86965\/","title":{"rendered":"\u09ae\u09c2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7: \u09ae\u09b0\u09c1\u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u0987\u09b8\u09b2\u09be\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u09ac\u09a1\u09bc \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09cb\u09ae\u09c1\u0996\u09bf \u09b8\u0982\u0998\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p 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\u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u0989\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09c7\u0996\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09cd\u09af \u09b8\u0982\u0998\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 C<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/s2\/favicons?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org&amp;sz=128\">Cambridge University Press+1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a class=\"xm2hyes xzuot31 x1yxh2c6 x7yjyvu x1o22g4v x4xcuk5 x1cpjm7i xxx281p x1hmns74 x12maryy xo57heo x1huxd7x x1lliihq xdl72j9 x1c4vz4f x2lah0s xs005hw x7s97pk xb3r6kr x1n2onr6 xt7dq6l xymaag x14atkfc x1q22t7g x15ozc13\" href=\"https:\/\/books.openedition.org\/ifpo\/docannexe\/image\/4909\/img-2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"474\" height=\"564\" src=\"https:\/\/bdtelegraph24.com\/bangla\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/OIP.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-86967\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bdtelegraph24.com\/bangla\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/OIP.jpg 474w, https:\/\/bdtelegraph24.com\/bangla\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/OIP-336x400.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a class=\"xm2hyes xzuot31 x1yxh2c6 x7yjyvu x1o22g4v x4xcuk5 x1cpjm7i xxx281p x1hmns74 x12maryy xo57heo x1huxd7x x1lliihq xdl72j9 x1c4vz4f x2lah0s xs005hw x7s97pk xb3r6kr x1n2onr6 xt7dq6l xymaag x14atkfc x1q22t7g x15ozc13\" href=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/wMKPGGuAKD6MOJ2r-x8hfwwuAMbCpSFm9aZvHcgU9CJ42iszFpM0xjGmmuslN-USw-LaviDK8HxKSPYIt2NNZdkEd2UmE3SFtRoZwBWSRxneOs50GHwuE2KyJlbZigPzgFgep6_2t--CQgWRGRYyciGcLrPzRj8nGfAsH9PIGY8l3pYr09803tqOhDwn9nA_?purpose=fullsize\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/7MGl8P-_CMsC6iedySOuaJk45MpCjVovyaAAO3UgdhoIly9bGHmJELt4wORe4FoitE_LrcV0-La01EXDnYW5prWjodNdjVGR2OXJJz9u7n6qI0tg3Hs6mivOXR7zlC_fwXp2YuYEf7gU58k0b1504FZg4BgC35W7srd8M0x_AyY?purpose=inline\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a class=\"xm2hyes xzuot31 x1yxh2c6 x7yjyvu x1o22g4v x4xcuk5 x1cpjm7i xxx281p x1hmns74 x12maryy xo57heo x1huxd7x x1lliihq xdl72j9 x1c4vz4f x2lah0s xs005hw x7s97pk xb3r6kr x1n2onr6 xt7dq6l xymaag x14atkfc x1q22t7g x15ozc13\" href=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/VcNbXZzo0AgPUlV8jcZeZv_EQpIR-tgZpKE9Z0GRM7_SXyUyXOXR83aMFjuRFJo3pI2e_w5FkpIfw9UD1OF2USEUR86y1R8mK8oGS0UxZiTrsx4u2_UlZJN-7tkfUPzajWpsljFeyPxryZ4CKT7kwPQ433bmfyiGMMDhsQigYjZy_9xTuvgpnpuCbpQi-9XN?purpose=fullsize\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/Zag5-JCFqXZYesEK7i9lAgMP0VmESRmjXpSew8M6l7C747u8ckIMXrFgBY5H9UtsvZucsLIuMFxcnPLMtYhBgLka2cxTWEGQcDrk84MFEJg7LHYcQVvezVBeHqoZmlTbHIsJ3KDTjCH5Bu2qtoWnlAH7Vs-UeA4ixtZ1FfRme0M?purpose=inline\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09b8\u0982\u0998\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u099f\u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0987\u09b8\u09b2\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be \u0985\u09a8\u09c1\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c0, \u09ae\u09c2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a4\u09be\u09ce\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09a3\u09bf\u0995 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09ae\u09c1\u09b9\u09be\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09a6 (\u09b8\u09be.)-\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09a6\u09c2\u09a4 <strong>\u0986\u09b2-\u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8 \u0987\u09ac\u09a8 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src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/s2\/favicons?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org&amp;sz=128\">Cambridge University Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09a4\u09bf\u09a8 \u09b8\u09c7\u09a8\u09be\u09aa\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u0995 \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u099a\u09b2\u09bf\u09a4 \u0987\u09b8\u09b2\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b8\u09c2\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u09b0 \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09a8\u09cd\u09af \u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09be\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u0995\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u099c\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u099c\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7\u09a6 \u0987\u09ac\u09a8 \u09b9\u09be\u09b0\u09bf\u09b8\u09be<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u099c\u09be\u09ab\u09b0 \u0987\u09ac\u09a8 \u0986\u09ac\u09bf \u09a4\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09ac<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0986\u09ac\u09a6\u09c1\u09b2\u09cd\u09b2\u09be\u09b9 \u0987\u09ac\u09a8 \u09b0\u09be\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b9\u09be<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u099c\u09a8\u0987 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b9\u09a4 \u09b9\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 <strong>\u0996\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a6 \u0987\u09ac\u09a8 \u0986\u09b2-\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b2\u09bf\u09a6<\/strong>\u0964 \u0987\u09b8\u09b2\u09be\u09ae\u09c0 \u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3\u09a8\u09be\u09af\u09bc \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0 \u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09a0\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a6\u09bf\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 D<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/s2\/favicons?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fdorar.net&amp;sz=128\">dorar.net+1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09b6\u09cd\u09a8\u09c7 \u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a4\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09a4\u09be<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ae\u09c2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0986\u09b2\u09cb\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 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decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/s2\/favicons?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fdorar.net&amp;sz=128\">dorar.net+1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0985\u09a4\u098f\u09ac, \u09ae\u09c2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u0995\u09c7 \u201c\u09e9,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u09e8 \u09b2\u09be\u0996\u201d \u09ac\u09be \u201c\u09e9,\u09e6\u09e6\u09e6 \u09ac\u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u09e7 \u09b2\u09be\u0996\u201d\u2014\u098f \u09a7\u09b0\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09a6\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u099f \u09b8\u0982\u0996\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0 \u09b2\u09a1\u09bc\u09be\u0987 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0989\u09aa\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09aa\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09c7 \u09ac\u09b2\u09be \u09ac\u09c7\u09b6\u09bf \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09a6 \u09af\u09c7 <strong>\u09ae\u09c1\u09b8\u09b2\u09bf\u09ae \u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0 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\u09ac\u09be\u09b9\u09bf\u09a8\u09c0\u0995\u09c7 \u09a7\u09cd\u09ac\u0982\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b9\u09be\u09a4 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09ab\u09bf\u09b0\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u0986\u09a8\u09be\u09b0 \u0998\u099f\u09a8\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u0993\u09af\u09bc\u09be \u09b9\u09af\u09bc\u0964 W<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/s2\/favicons?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org&amp;sz=128\">Wikipedia+1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0986\u09a7\u09c1\u09a8\u09bf\u0995 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c3\u09b7\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ac\u099a\u09c7\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09af\u09bc \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb\u2014<strong>\u09ae\u09c2\u09a4\u09be \u099b\u09bf\u09b2 \u09ae\u09c1\u09b8\u09b2\u09bf\u09ae \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8 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\u0985\u09ad\u09bf\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ac\u09c7\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09ec\u09e9\u09ec \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u0987\u09af\u09bc\u09be\u09b0\u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u09af\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7 \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u09b8\u0982\u0998\u09be\u09a4\u0995\u09c7 \u0986\u09b0\u0993 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0995 \u09aa\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09af\u09bc\u09c7 \u09af\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u0964 C<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/s2\/favicons?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org&amp;sz=128\">Cambridge University Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0987\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998 \u099b\u09be\u09af\u09bc\u09be<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u09ae\u09c2\u09a4\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09b6\u09c1\u09a7\u09c1 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf 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\u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u099a\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0\u09c7 \u0997\u09ad\u09c0\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u0986\u09a8\u09c7\u0964 C<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/s2\/favicons?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org&amp;sz=128\">Cambridge University Press<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0986\u099c\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09b0\u09cd\u09a1\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 <strong>\u09ae\u09c2\u09a4\u09be \u0985\u099e\u09cd\u099a\u09b2<\/strong> \u09a4\u09be\u0987 \u09b8\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09ae \u09b6\u09a4\u0995\u09c7\u09b0 \u0986\u09b0\u09ac \u0993 \u09ac\u09be\u0987\u099c\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f\u09be\u0987\u09a8 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u0982\u09af\u09cb\u0997\u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u0990\u09a4\u09bf\u09b9\u09be\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09ad\u09c2\u0996\u09a3\u09cd\u09a1 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